状语从句的翻译

由 familyboat

3 分钟阅读

本文中所论述的翻译方法来自于由外语教学与研究出版社出版的《新编大学英语》第二版第三卷中记载的内容(364–365 页)。以下内容仅用作教育、研究、个人用途,不可用于商业用途,侵权必究。

状语从句包括时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句和结果状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句等类型。状语从句的翻译应注意以下几个方面。

语序处理

许多状语从句翻译时,可以按照原文顺序。例如:

  • If twins interest you, Twinsberg will fascinate you.
    如果你对双胞胎感兴趣的话,那么双胞胎镇会使你着迷。(条件状语从句)

  • When they were reunited at the age of 39, they discovered a series of striking similarities.
    当他们在 39 岁重逢时,发现了一系列惊人的相同之处。(时间状语从句)

  • Important as they are, genes alone are never absolutely responsible for any trait.
    尽管基因十分重要,但是基因本身绝不能完全决定任何一个特点。(让步状语从句)

  • Since psychological traits depend so much upon experience, it is to be expected that they will reflect it.
    由于心理特点在很大程度上取决于经历,可想而知心理特点也反应经历。(原因状语从句)

  • Overall, parents in professional families proved most talkative; they made nearly twice as many statements per hour to their kids as working class parents did and about four times as many as welfare parents.
    总得来说,职业家庭的父母最健谈;他们每小时对孩子说的话几乎是工人家庭父母的两倍,是福利救济家庭父母的四倍。(比较状语从句)

另有一些状语从句在翻译时,可将状语从句译出后,位置前移。例如:

  • These cases do not indicate what would happen if this identical individuals were raised separately.
    但这些例子并不能说明,如果把这些同卵双胞胎分开抚养会发生什么情况。(条件状语从句)

  • They did not meet again until they were twenty-eight years old.
    她们直到 28 岁才再次相遇。(时间状语从句)

转换译法

在不少情况下,要将某种状语从句按照上下文的需要,在翻译时译成其他类型的状语从句,使译文更符合汉语习惯。例如:

  • Skill and patience will succeed where force fails.
    在蛮力做不到的时候,技巧和耐心会帮助人成功。(地点状语从句转译成时间状语从句)

  • Turn off the switch when anything goes wrong with the machine.
    如果机器发生故障,就把电门关上。(时间状语从句转译成条件状语从句)

许可

This work © 2025-01-09 by familyboat is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International